Archive for the ‘Education’ Category

Pragmatic Chaos and the Winning Game

Friday, September 25th, 2009

NetFlix1In the Business section of its September 22 edition, the New York Times featured an article by Steve Lohr about a Netflix-sponsored contest with a $1 million prize for the best solution for helping the movie rental service improve its recommendation system (”If you like Movie X, we recommend Movies Y and Z…”)  The article included a number of insights into what we call a Winning Game:

1.  A winning game attracts winning players. By giving participants access to a very sophisticated data set, NetFlix’ contest was designed in a way that attracted highly-skilled programmers from around the worl.   The game itself serves as an organizing mechanism and a magnet for talent.

2.  A winning game invites collaboration.  The winning team, which called itself BellKor’s Pragmatic Chaos (pragmatic chaos–a great description of improvisation!) was composed of scientists, statisticians and coders from half a dozen countries who joined forces in the course of the contest.   By collaborating, they all increased their chances of getting to the prize.  Collaboration begins with communication.  It leads to learning.  It results in transformation.

3.  The performance of the team is more important than the performance of any one player. See #2.

4.  Successful outcomes cannot be scripted ahead of time, they must be improvised.  No one member of the Pragmatic Chaos team had the roadmap to victory before the game began.  It was the collaboration, and their ability to improvise, that guided them to the winning solution.

5.  In a winning game, there are no losers. Only one team got the $1 million prize awarded by Netflix, but there were many winners.  If you improve your performance through participation, you win.  If you make a connection, add to your knowledge, or get a fresh perspective on a problem by virtue of playing the game, you win.  The second place team in the Netflix contest, Opera Solutions, a NY-based data analytics company, not only got a lot of coverage for its brand in the Times article, its CEO, Arnad Gupta, described the $1 million prize as “trivial.”  “We’ve already had a $10 million payoff internally from what we’ve learned,” he said.

6.  A winning game is designed to improve everyone’s performance. Viola Spolin, the godmother of modern improv, distinguished between competition and contest.  A competition, by her definition, is designed to separate winners and losers, and inevitably results in an ego-fueled quest for status, dominance, and control of the narrative.  Because walls go up and knowledge gets hoarded, not shared, competition limits opportunities to collaborate and learn.  A contest, Spolin explained by way of differentiating, is a way of competing with oneself, and of improving the performance of one’s team.  It results in what she called extension.  Participating in a winning game makes you and your team better players than you were before.

The Times article mentions several other games that, like the Netflix contest, are designed to yield productive outcomes for all their players, among them the X-Prize Foundation, and InnoCentive, an online forum for collaborative problem-solving and innovation that launched in 2001 and has attracted the attention and participation of big brands like Eli Lilly Co., Avery, and Procter & Gamble.

Footnote:  The article quotes Michael Schrage, a research fellow at MIT’s Sloan School of Business and one of the most brilliant analysts of business innovation I know.  Schrage and I have corresponded about GameChangers and improvisation in business.  He told me in one email that he was an “improv kid,” from the South Side of Chicago, the same neighborhood where Viola Spolin lived and worked.  When he was in high school he built props for Second City shows.  “I cried when Del died,” he wrote.  And if you truly know improvisation, you know what Schrage means by that.

For sure, the game is changing.  And improvisers, in all walks of work and life, are the ones who are changing it.

Health Care, Already Reforming

Wednesday, September 9th, 2009

We have a client in the health care sector, and our work with them has put us in touch with remarkable people who are changing the health care game without waiting for President Obama or any other policymaker to tell them how to do it.  People like Jay Parkinson, co-founder of HelloHealth in Brooklyn, Greg Gramelspacher of Wishard Hospital’s Palliative Care Program in Indianapolis, and Gordon Moore, founder of the Ideal Medical Practice Movement.

CarePractice1Dr. Aaron Blackledge opened his San Franscisco clinic, CarePractice, in 2008.  Today it is the fastest-growing primary care practice in the Bay Area.   We have ideas about how the new community-based, patient-centered models will do more than any legislation to define the future of health care in the U.S., but we cannot express it any better than Aaron Blackledge can.  In his own words, he describes what he did to change the game:

“In the beginning I told my employee–at the beginning there was only one–that if he had friends or family that needed to be seen that he had the authority to set the price on his own without asking me for permission depending on how much they could afford or how much of a deal he wanted to give them.  This may seem crazy to some people, but I think I benefited in so many ways from this practice and feel lucky I came up with at the beginning of Care Practice. It really helped to empower my staff and bring in clients that loved Care Practice.  It reminds me now that since we have grown so much in the past 3 months I am not sure if all the new staff are aware of this ‘policy.’  I will have to remember to tell people about this tomorrow.

Carepractice3“I went to Sarah Lawrence for my undergrad degree.  I was a dance major.  My background is artistic as well as medical.  I have taken many improv classes.  My artistic background helps me look at medicine as a design, a feeling, an experience, that the current medical establishment so horribly lacks.  I know Jay (Parkinson of HelloHealth) is a very accomplished photographer.  I don’t think it’s a coincidence.  Artists are used to facing the unknown, the blank canvas or the empty stage.  We’ve done the same with the medical profession.  What we’re doing didn’t exist before we did it.

“I come from a social activist background.  I never desired to be an entrepreneur.  Never desired to own my own company.  I left my last job and was canvassing for Obama in California.  I heard that Super Tuesday speech, where he said,  I’m paraphasing, ‘Be the change you seek.’  And I thought why isn’t anyone doing this?  And I finally realized you know what, this is my moment, this is my time.  And if I’m going to do it, I’m not going to do it partially.

“I tapped into my altruistic desires, into what it meant, and then I risked everything.  Every dollar I owned, or that I’d ever saved, and put it all into this.  If I needed to spend money on something to make this happen, I spent it.

“All my friends thought I was absolutely crazy.  They couldn’t believe it.  Some of them thought it was going to be some raggedy little space, not the big facility that we have.  Everyone else is closing up shop and joining Kaiser.  And they’re like, ‘What, you’re opening a clinic?!  What are you thinking?!  But I looked at it like this:  There’s no access to care in this city.  There are vice presidents of companies that can’t get in to see a doctor for like a week.  If do it transparent, intuitive, and don’t charge a lot…and I really wanted to show that the future of networking and connecting with patients was through social media.

“I put it in a place where there were lots of young people who’d talk about it.  Mention it on their Facebook, on their Twitter, on their Yelp.  I chose the neighborhood I’m in, Mission Dolores, specifically for that purpose.  I’d heard the story about Tommy Hilfiger opening stores in urban areas and basically letting people shoplift from him, and that was sort of my thinking.  Everything has to exceed expectations.  It’s not what you come in with that matters, it’s about what you walk out with.  We’re building CarePractice as an entity that resonates in the community.  Giving free care to the busboy at the little restaurant who cuts his hand…taking care of one of the guys at the bike shop who has an eye infection.  I wanted to express the view that taking care of people is about more than money, and that is how we’ve grown.

CarePractice2“My place looks kind of fancy, but it’s equipment and furniture I’ve bought from doctors closing their practices, CraigsList, Ikea and eBay.  Everything I have is used.  I put the money into the space, because I wanted that experience.  People don’t even know why it is that it’s different, but it is powerful.  The people who designed it (Indicate Design Groupe) design a lot of restaurants and retail spaces.  They’re used to saying to their clients, ‘Okay this is definitely going to be popular, people are going to come here, you focus on the food.’  And that’s the way we think about CarePractice.  They said to me, ‘You take good care of your patients, because we’re going to bring the people.’  So we focused on the roll-out like a restaurant opening.  People identify with that.   We are like a favorite restaurant.  People point us out as their clinic.

“I want to give you real examples of neighborhood care.  Basically it usually involves simple things for people with little money or struggling that we know through the neighborhood.  The Latino laborers of the contractor who helped to build Care Practice always come to me for their bumps and illnesses and I see them for free.  There is also a shop right next to us and I see a lot of the employees for simple stuff for free or significantly reduced prices and they always tell me if my car is chalked or run up to my car when it is about to get ticketed and pretend like it is their car when the DPT comes.   They are always ready to help me carry in supplies when I need help, which is often.  Another example is the security door guy at a neighborhood shop who I always talk to on the street.  He wanted to quit smoking and asked me to get him some Chantix so I ordered him some at cost and he just yelled out to me a week ago when I walked by that it had been 5 months since his last cigarette.  I didn’t charge him anything besides the cost of the meds. When you create that type of sentiment in a neighborhood it is a powerful component to branding a business.

CarePractice4

“You (i.e. GameChangers) talk about the beginner’s mind, improvisation, and not being afraid to feel like a dumbass and make mistakes the first time around.  That’s the way I look at it, too.  Build a company that serves patients first.  I want every one of my employees to see that we’re generous.  Every interaction is an opportunity to show your character.  And in an age of social media, it is magnified by ten.

“I think the health care system is so ready for change, and people are so unhappy, and the amount of money being spent is so huge that I think can happen very quickly, and not necessarily through legislation, but through individual action.  Ten thousand doctors getting up and walking out of the room and saying we’re not going to do it that way any more, we’re going to do it differently, can change it.  That is my goal.

“People often ask me about health care reform, ‘What if we have single payer?  What if we have this or that?’  My response is that I don’t care.  I can turn on a dime.  I can turn the entire practice around and move in a different direction, and I can do it in a day.  If we went to a Canadian style health care model, pfff, I don’t care, I’d change overnight.”

CarePractice5

GameChanger of the Month – August 2009

Tuesday, September 8th, 2009

RoughEdges1Five years ago, Mona Hoffman quit a secure, high-paying, high-status job at a good old fashioned Midwestern manufacturing company where she was a valuable employee, and began a journey inspired by the book Concrete Countertops by Fu-Tung Cheng.  Her journey has resulted, this year, in the formation of Rough Edges Design, which produces interior design items made of concrete.  The first product line is lamps.  Others are soon to follow.

Mona Hoffman is August’s GameChanger of the Month because her brand is an exploration of themes that matter.  One of her responsibilities at her former company was sustainability, and the company, though appreciated as a major employer in the community where it’s headquartered, was not committed to moving in that direction (its major product lines are made of wood).   Another of her passions is craftsmanship, the ability to turn readily available materials into something extraordinary.   In transforming herself into an artisan who works with concrete, she combines the themes of sustainability and craftsmanship.  The exploration of these two themes creates and informs the Rough Edges brand narrative.

Mona Hoffman is the GameChanger of the Month, because in forming her new company, she acted on what she is passionate about, yet she didn’t leap before looking.   Rough Edges Design is grounded in diligent study and immersive apprenticing in the craft of concrete-shaping.  The transition from cushy-and-corporate to rough-and-tumble is not one to make without a lot of preparation.   Preparation is the key to a successful journey.  Preparation gives you the ability to improvise in a way that a plan, no matter how meticulous and thought-through it is, cannot.   A GameChanger prepares.

Works like The Unknown Craftsman, by Soetsu Yanagi informed Hoffman’s education.   Yanagi’s words, though originally written in another language about artisans from a different culture, described a world familiar to her, one in which everyday objects and materials become sources of what Yanagi calls “calm and friendly beauty.”

Having spent her professional life in a world of zero-tolerance manufacturing and super-repeatable processes, Hoffman has created a brand where the production process, by design, yields unexpected results, where “flaws” are in fact an artifact of the human touch on the material, and are embraced as part of the product’s charm.

Mona Hoffman is the GameChanger of the Month because she interacts with the familiar in a way that makes it new and remarkable.   This is the alchemy of improvisation.  With its artful line of lamps, Rough Edges Design literally turns heavy material into objects of light.  And if that ain’t changin’ the game, we don’t know what is.

RoughEdgesLamps

Why I’m Bullish on Journalism Majors (and You Should Be, Too)

Monday, August 17th, 2009

In 2006, newspapers took in $49.5 billion in advertising.   In 2008, it was about $38 billion, a 23% decline.

After losing 42% of their value between 2005 and the end of 2007, publicly traded newspaper stocks lost 83% of their remaining value during 2008.

Most surveys show that 13,000+ U.S. newspaper jobs vanished in 2008.

In 2007, 70% of college Communication and Journalism majors had jobs six months after graduation.  In 2008, 60% did.

No doubt about it, the print journalism profession as we’ve known it is fading fast, and its future is as hazy as the crystal ball of a boardwalk fortune teller.

So why put stock in university students who, in these uncertain times, choose to major in Journalism?—as opposed to, say, the point of view expressed in Sarah Lacy’s smug, self-congratulatory April 09 TechCrunch story that disses journalism schools and anyone majoring in journalism these days.

Here’s why we ought to be bullish on Journalism majors:

journalism11.  They’re optimists.  Feeling good about the future is the first step toward making it so.

2.  They’re self-reliant.  They realize there’s no ready-made career track waiting for them at the end of the diploma.  Their career will be one they carve out for themselves.

3.  They’re creative.  They’re putting themselves in a position where they have no choice but to be creative.  Some of the most creative people I know have used this strategy throughout their careers to grow and prosper.

4.  They’re following their fear.  Garrison Keillor, the writer and radio host, once told me that he built his career by “doing the thing that scared him most.”  Majoring in Journalism is a bold move in the face of a fearsome job market.  On the other side of your fear is potential you cannot discover until you do the thing that scares you.

5.  They’re entrepreneurial.   An entrepreneur sees opportunity where others do not.  Something in these Journalism majors relishes the wave of negative news coming from the marketplace, because it means they can position themselves at the bottom of the market to ride it up.

Educators at the University level, many of them celebrated veterans of old school journalism, share their students’ appetite for the unknown:

Overholser1Kevin Klose, Dean of the University of Maryland Journalism School, admits he doesn’t know where people will get their news in coming years. “It’s like the early days of radio,” he says. “There was a tremendous amount of feverish invention, trial and error that went on in the 1920s and 1930s.  The outlets or platforms are unclear now — they’re being invented.”

Klose describes himself as a “participant in an ongoing experiment” to find formats for independent journalism.

Geneva Overholser, a Pulitizer Prize-winning editor and journalist, who today is director of the School of Journalism at USC, says, “We seem to feel the only way we can work is to work the way we’ve always done it.  That’s just not true. We will ride these yearnings for the past right down the tube.”   She sees her work as an exploration that will lead to “a reinvention of journalism that is richer and better than the old.”

Roker1Raymond Roker, founder and publisher of URB, a print and online publication dedicated to hip-hop and urban culture, believes that the calling of journalism is the one constant in a changing business environment.  “The allure,” he tweeted in a 137-character response to my question, “is wht it’s always bn–regardless of the dramatic changes in the economy of media–to develop, explore & lead the conversation.”

Roker tweet #2:  “The quality of our journalism, in whatever form it takes in a post-print world, will remain a barometer of how informed we are as a society.”

Any brand would be wise to include journalism majors in its conversations about What’s Next and Whom to Hire.  There are lot of reasons why these students, in particular, will be productive players in the changing game.

Creativity in Business Conference – Oct. 4, Washington D.C.

Friday, August 14th, 2009

If you are in the D.C. area, and are interested in learning how to apply the GameChangers principles and other techniques for fostering creativity in the workplace, you’ll want to check out the Creativity in Business Conference.  It is being organized by our friend, Michelle James, and her Center for Creative Emergence.  I’m conducting a GameChangers session there, and moderating the plenary panel discussion, which will be all about improvisation in business.

CC1

Michelle has been teaching the principles of improvisation in business for a number of years.  She has assembled a stellar line-up of presenters who are aligned in the belief that creativity is the secret to a rich and satisfying working life, and to the necessary transformation of American business.  The Industrial Age models won’t cut the mustard in a Networked Economy.

I’m hoping to learn at least as much as I teach.

No sector needs more applied creativity and innovation than the federal government.  Obama and the Executive Branch can’t do it alone.   Today, through the lens of the health care debate, it’s easy to see the divide between the fearmongers clinging to a status quo in which insurance companies and big pharma control the U.S. healthcare system…and the champions of change who understand that we cannot continue to go down a path that puts so many barriers between health care providers and patients.

When the providers themselves want reform, you know something is screwy with the current system.  Yet so many people are afraid of change.  Of the unknown.  Here’s the insight for those people:  In resisting change and clinging to the past, you are guaranteeing your own irrelevance.

This is where creativity plays such a huge role in productive change.  Creativity is all about stepping confidently into the unknown, of facing the blank canvas of the future with the skill and preparation to turn it into a remarkable confluence of art and commerce.  It means confronting one’s fears instead of withdrawing from them.

If the objective (as in this instance) is better health care for more Americans, we have unlimited opportunities to make moves in that direction.  But we’re only going to make the moves when we realize that the process can be its own reward, and that in the process, we will discover the options and opportunities that will never come our way when we are ruled by our fear and frozen by our uncertainty.

Make your move, D.C.!  Sign up today!  (before Aug. 31, you get a nice discount)  See you there!

Miracle

Friday, July 24th, 2009

I believe in miracles.   Not necessarily or automatically in physics-bending miracles of the walking-on-water genre, or sightings of the leprechaun-in-Alabama-tree variety, but I do believe that all of us have the ability to step outside the bounds of what is known or expected and take inspired action that transforms the tide of everyday existence into something miraculous. (more…)

Hurd is the Word

Monday, July 13th, 2009

HandsOnSolar1For months before we met for lunch last week, I had been hearing about Brian Hurd, mainly from Deep Patel of GoGreenSolar.  Deep claims that Hurd is one of the sharpest tools in the shed.  Has more experience than just about anyone in the solar industry.  Knows as much as anyone in the world about the state of solar technology.  Started the solar installation program at the East L.A. Skills Center, where he has trained more certified solar technicians than anyone in the U. S.   Helped write the State of California certification tests for solar installers.  Is a protege of Secretary of Labor, Hilda Solis, the former Congresswoman from California who admires the work he’s done to create jobs in the community.  The web site for the company he founded, Hands On Solar, and the Google results page for ‘Brian Hurd Solar Technology’ bear out all this and more. (more…)

Celebrating Revolution

Saturday, July 4th, 2009

Revolution1A memory is only as good as our ability to turn it into action.  We remember what we want to keep alive.

It has never been more important than it is on July 4, 2009, that we remember the founding of the United States of America as a Revolution, an overthrow of a distant ruling elite that had lost touch with the people.

Because today we need another Revolution.

We need a revolution against the kinds of businesses the U.S. has invested in way too heavily for the past 125 years, the businesses that sustained the oil-and-war economy built by people like George W. Bush’s granddad, businesses that President Eisenhower in the 1950s labeled the military-industrial complex.  Today the news media is complicit in the complex.  After all, what is more likely to keep you glued to the feeding tube than something scary happening right outside your front door? (more…)

Managing the Disrupture

Thursday, June 18th, 2009

disrupture1

As natural as change is, there’s no getting around the fact that it can be painful.  Especially when it happens to you and is not authored or initiated by you.  ‘Disruption’ is a word that some managers toss around in a pretty cavalier way as a desirable state  or productive path for businesses and their employees.  Disruption (from the Latin ‘dirumpere,’ meaning to break or burst asunder) is not, however, always such a pleasant thing.  The past can collide with the future in an agonizing present.  Disrupting an unproductive pattern of behavior is not the same as disrupting a hardworking family’s way of life, and we are seeing entirely too much of that these days.Try telling residents of a small Midwestern town that just lost its largest employer in the auto industry downturn that disruption is cool, and nobody’s going to be buying you a beer anytime soon.  In this kind of economy, we often greet disruption with the same enthusiasm we welcome a rusty nail disrupting the bottom of our foot. (more…)

GameChanger of the Month – April 2009

Wednesday, May 6th, 2009

Lifton1Jimmy Lifton, a musician/entrepreneur/producer/writer/director who, with his wife, Paulette Victor Lifton, founded Oracle Post, a well-regarded post-production company in Los Angeles, has been named April 2009’s GameChanger of the Month because of a move he made public on April 14, with the announcement that he’s going to build Unity Studios a new 104-acre film and TV production facility in Michigan.

Lifton deserves accolades for this move because it expresses the ‘Three E’s’ of Gamechanging–Emotion, Environment and Education–and also because until we put a lens on the Unity Studios scene, there was no such thing as a ‘Three E’s of GameChanging.’ So thank you, Jimmy, for that.

Here, minty fresh, are the Three E’s, as expressed by Jimmy Lifton: (more…)